The efficacy of treating newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes with insulin glargine combined with Saxagliptin and their effects on function of β-pancreatic cells

The clinical application of insulin glargine combined with other drugs in treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly popular worldwide. But there are few studies about the effects of glargine on function of β-pancreatic cells. Thus we aimed to investigate the efficacy of glargine combined with Saxagliptin on treating newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and their effects on β-cell function. 120 patients with newly diagnosed T2D, were randomly divided into monotherapy group with glargine and combination therapy group with glargine combined Saxagliptin. With 60 patients in each group, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (PBG2 h) and concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1-C) were detected respectively before and after treatment. Meanwhile, insulin and secretion index (FINS/HOMA-IS), the change of insulin resistant index (HOMA-IR), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were also detected to evaluate the efficacy of treatment and the effect of drugs on function of β-cells. Some patients experienced adverse events in different degree and were recovered automatically. After treatment, PG, PBG2 h, HbA1-C, HOMA-IR, TG and TC were reduced from baseline (P<0.05). The efficacy of combination group was better than monotherapy group (P<0.05). After treatment, FINS/HOMA-IS was significantly increased with statistical significant difference in each group and between-group comparison (P<0.05). Monotherapy with glargine and combination therapy with glargine combined Saxagliptin could both significantly improve the glycemic and lipid toxicity of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and function of β-cells.